El Palmar National Park is recognized as a Ramsar Site y Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA), which highlights its great ecological value. In addition to the iconic Butiá yatay palm groves, it houses a remarkable diversity of natural environments such as gallery forests, thorny woodlands, savannas, grasslands, riparian zones, and aquatic ecosystems.
The park's fauna is abundant and varied. Among the most characteristic mammals are vizcachas, crab-eating foxes, rheas, brocket deer, and capybaras. For birdwatchers, it is a privileged site where woodpeckers, herons, parakeets, kestrels, and many other species can be spotted. Reptiles and amphibians also inhabit the area, contributing to the biological richness of this unique environment.